Sunday, October 24, 2010

Biosecurity for Disease Control in Poultry

Biosecurity is a commonly used poultry industry term that can be defined simply as "informed common sense". That is, one develops a basic understanding of the principles of disease transmission and combines this knowledge with good old "common sense". The objective would be to have a program design such that the diseases are not brought onto the poultry farm and poultry are not brought to diseases. An effective biosecurity program allows one to keep diseases off poultry farms; or if diseases organisms are present, such a program would eliminate them or at least reduce them to a level of little or no significance.

Poultry veterinarians have been attempting to control diseases by improving biosecurity practices. This emphasis on controlling diseases by biosecurity practices rather than relying on vaccines and/or antibiotics has resulted due to changes in the industry itself. As poultry farms became larger and more intensive, disease outbreaks became more costly; as the lifespan of broilers decreased due to improved genetics and feedings, birds did not have sufficient time to recover from diseases and make it to processing.

Veterinarians often find it difficult to convince many farm managers of the importance of biosecurity programs. The lack of support for these disease PREVENTION programs, which many farm managers may see as costly, time consuming, and just more unnecessary work, is probably due to the failure of previous programs. However, the failure of previous efforts was likely due to poor design and improper implementation of the programs. A comprehensive biosecurity program cannot eliminate the possibility of disease, but it can reduce the probability. In addition, often it is not possible to demonstrate direct benefits from a biosecurity program from just one flock. Improved production usually occurs gradually over several flocks.

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